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PostgreSQL Interview Questions

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Q1
What is PostgreSQL and what are its key features?

PostgreSQL is a powerful, open-source object-relational database system with a focus on extensibility and standards compliance.

It supports advanced data types, JSON, spatial data, full-text search, and complex queries with ACID transactions.

PostgreSQL is known for its robustness, reliability, and ability to handle complex data models and analytical workloads.

It is often chosen for enterprise applications, data warehousing, and financial systems.

Q2
What is the difference between PostgreSQL and MySQL?

PostgreSQL is an advanced object-relational database with support for JSON, GIS, and procedural languages like PL/pgSQL and PL/Python.

MySQL is a relational database optimized for web applications and read-heavy workloads.

PostgreSQL supports advanced features like materialized views, window functions, and complex joins, while MySQL excels in performance for simple queries and replication.

PostgreSQL is more extensible and standards-compliant, while MySQL is easier to use and deploy in typical LAMP stacks.

Q3
What are extensions in PostgreSQL?

Extensions in PostgreSQL are pre-packaged enhancements that add functionality to the database.

They include support for UUIDs, JSONB, full-text search, PostGIS for geospatial data, and more.

Extensions are loaded using CREATE EXTENSION and can be scoped to specific databases.

They allow developers to extend the database without altering core functionality, enhancing productivity and flexibility.

Q4
What are materialized views in PostgreSQL?
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Materialized views in PostgreSQL are database objects that store the result of a query for faster access.

Unlike regular views, materialized views can be refreshed manually or automatically to reflect changes in underlying tables.

They are useful for caching expensive queries and improving performance for analytical reports and dashboards.

Materialized views are ideal when query results don’t need to be updated in real-time.

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